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An article on how to use microwave engineering to cook food for long periods of time safely. Microwave Engineering by Annapurna Das Sisir K Dasrar This is one of the most daunting tasks faced by cooks of all levels - boiling water/cooking rice/boiling soup etc. etc. However, few people know about microwave engineering, which is a different way of cooking things without boiling the liquid or heating the food more than its own temperature during certain ~2 minutes intervals at cooking frequency. For example, if one puts a cup of water into a microwave oven at high power for 2 minutes, the temperature of the water will not rise above its own temperature. This is because the microwaves are absorbed by the food molecules and converted into thermal energy. So these two minutes are long enough for water molecules to absorb some thermal energy, thus raising its temperature to 100 degrees Celsius without boiling it. This is the reason why microwaves are used in space crafts to cook meals. They can cook food even in space where there is no air for convection cooking. Microwaves also penetrate substances more than visible radiations, so they can cook things with many layers even if they are non-conductors. Microwave ovens are used in commercial kitchens because they save energy. For example, to boil one litre of water, 2 kwh of energy is wasted when it is boiled using electric stove. Boiling this amount of water using microwave oven saves 2 kwh energy, but the energy is released much faster when the microwave oven is turned off (1/2 kwh). So in this way microwave cooking saves electricity. Microwave cooking has other advantages over conventional boiling too. For example, in conventional boiling process you can see that in around 20 minutes the heat in water rises to at least 100 degrees Celsius which means ~100 calories absorbed by food. A cooker is needed to remove this amount of heat from water at 100 degrees Celsius. Thus if one cooks rice for 20 minutes it loses ~100 calories even though it may be a low calorie food. However, in a microwave oven you can cook rice for only 2 minutes and absorb 100 calories which is enough. If you put boiled rice in a freezer you will notice that its freezing point gets lowered remarkably due to the amount of heat retained by the food. If the food is not boiled properly or overcooked, then harmful bacteria can grow in it, giving rise to diseases such as botulism and E-coli. This is why handling raw food properly during cooking is important for safety reasons. Microwaves are unable to penetrate food unless they are open on the outer surface (e.g. like in a microwave pizza) or on the inside (e.g. like baked potatoes). So you need to be careful while handling food with openings during cooking because it is easy for harmful bacteria to enter and affect your health. Microwave ovens are extremely useful for cooking all types of food items because they can cook each item faster than any other conventional method of cooking. For example, you can cook chapattis in 5 minutes, parathas in 6 minutes, rotis in 6 minutes etc., whereas if cooked traditionally they take 20-25 minutes to cook properly. cfa1e77820
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